THE
MAWU
APRIL 1913
| Copyright 1913 ndi HW PERCIVAL |
Amayi ndi Anzanu
Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chikufunika kuti mukhale wodzipereka?
Kuganizira momwe angaperekere icho chomwe adzipereka, ndikuchigwirira ntchito.
Kudzipereka ndi chikhalidwe kapena malingaliro pamalingaliro, zomwe zimapangitsa, kukhala kapena munthu, ndi kukonzeka kuchita zomwe angathe kudzipereka. Kukula mu kudzipereka kumadalira mphamvu ya munthu yochita, kutumikira, ndipo kuthekera kumawonjezeka ndikuchita mwanzeru. Mkhalidwe wodzipereka umasonkhezera munthu kuwonetsa kudzipereka kwake mwa kuchita china chake chosonyeza kudzipereka kwake. Kudzipereka kumeneku sikumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino nthawi zonse, komabe, ngakhale lingaliro lili labwino kwambiri, zomwe zimachitidwa zitha kukhala zowononga zomwe zidachitidwa.
Zipembedzo zodzipereka zimachita kuchokera pansi pamtima. Kuchita izi kuchokera pansi pamtima, ngakhale kuli poyambira koyenera, sikokwanira pakukula kwenikweni. Kudziwa kuyenera kuchitapo kanthu mwanzeru. Mwamuna wokonda kupembedza nthawi zambiri samamvetsera asanaganize, koma amasankha kutsatira zomwe mtima wake umafuna. Komabe, pokhapokha mwa kugwiritsa ntchito malingaliro omwe angathe kudziwa. Chiyeso chenicheni cha kudzipereka kwa munthu ndikuphunzira, kuganiza, kugwiritsa ntchito malingaliro pazabwino zomwe adzipereka. Wina akabwerera m'maganizo ndikulephera kuganiza mofatsa komanso mosalekeza, ndiye kuti alibe kudzipereka kwenikweni. Ngati munthu wokonda kupembedza azingogwiritsa ntchito nzeru zake ndipo atakhala ndi mphamvu yakuganiza bwino adzaphatikizira chidziwitso pakudzipereka kwake ndi kuthekera kwake potumizira zomwe wadzipereka.
Kodi zofukiza ndi zotani, ndipo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito liti?
Zachilengedwe zofukiza ndi zapadziko lapansi. Dziko lapansi, monga chimodzi mwazinthu zinayi izi, likufanana ndi fungo. Zofukiza ndizosakaniza zonunkhira bwino, zonunkhira, mafuta, ma resini, nkhuni zomwe pakuwotcha zimapereka fungo lokondweretsa kuchokera ku utsi wake.
Zofukiza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito munthu asanayambe kujambula mabungwe, miyambo, ndi zochitika. Malembo ambiri amalankhula zonunkhira ngati zofunika pa kupembedza. Zofukizazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamisambo yopereka nsembe ndipo monga chopereka, umboni wa kudzipereka kwa wopembedza ndi wopembedza, kwa zomwe zimapembedzedwa. M'malemba ambiri kupereka zofukiza ngati njira yopembedzera kumafotokozedwa motalika, ndipo malamulo operekedwa kuti mtundu wa zofukizira ugwiritse ntchito, kukonza kwake ndi kuwotcha.
Kodi pali mapindu omwe amachokera ku kufukiza, panthawi yosinkhasinkha?
Maubwino atha kuchokera ku kuwotcha zofukiza pakusinkhasinkha, zokhudzana ndi dziko lakuthupi komanso lazinthu zam'masiku. Zofukiza zonunkhira sizingafikire kupitirira dziko lazakale kapena zamatsenga. Kuotcha zofukiza sikungathandize kusinkhasinkha pamitu yokhudza zauzimu kapena zauzimu.
Ngati wina agonjera mzimu waukulu wapadziko lapansi ndi mizimu yocheperachepera, kapena chilichonse cha zolengedwa zamatsenga, pamenepo akhoza kupindula ndi kuwotcha zofukiza. Amalandira maubwino pazabwino zopatsidwa. Dziko lapansi limapatsa chakudya kuti lizitha kulimbitsa thupi. Zolemba zake zimadyetsanso zolengedwa zapadziko lapansi ndi zolengedwa zamadziko lapansi. Kuotcha zofukiza kumakwaniritsa zolinga ziwiri. Zimakopa ndikukhazikitsa kulumikizana ndi zolengedwa zomwe zimafunidwa, ndipo zimakhumudwitsa zolengedwa zina zomwe zofukizazo sizinayilitsidwe. Ngati wina akukhumba kukhalapo kwa zokopa zina, ndiye kuti kuwotcha zofukiza kungathandize kukopa izi ndikuyambitsa kubwezera. Komabe, ngati munthu sakudziwa mtundu wa zofukiza zomwe angagwiritse ntchito ndipo sakudziwa mtundu wa zonunkhira kapena zomwe akufuna, ndiye kuti akhoza kulandira m'malo mopindulitsa, zosayenera ndi zovulaza. Izi zikugwira ntchito pakusinkhasinkha zam'dziko lapansi komanso zamatsenga kapena zamatsenga, komanso zinthu zosangalatsa.
Kuti musinkhesinkhe mozama pazinthu zam'maganizo ndi zauzimu, kufukiza sikufunika. Malingaliro ndi malingaliro a m'modzi amasankha zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala ndi zomwe zikupezeka pokambirana m'maganizo ndi uzimu. Kuwotcha zofukiza nthawi zambiri kumakhazikitsa malingaliro pazinthu zabwino komanso kumalepheretsa kulowa mu mawonekedwe a zosafunikira zofunika kusinkhasinkha zokhudzana ndi zam'maganizo ndi zauzimu.
Kodi zotsatira za zofukiza zikuwoneka pa ndege iliyonse?
Ali. Kutengera mphamvu ya wogwiritsa ntchito zomwe akudziwa pankhani yake, zowoneka ndi zina ndizowoneka bwino. Mafuta ndi utsi womwe umatuluka chifukwa cha zofukizazo umapereka mphamvu ndi zinthu zomwe zimafunidwa ndi zolengedwazo. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwazifukwa zomwe amatsenga ndi olosera amagwiritsa ntchito zonunkhira pakupemphetsa kwawo. Mwa kuwotcha zofukiza zimapangidwa pa ndege zina kuposa zakuthupi, koma munthu ayenera kukhala ndi malingaliro ake ophunzitsidwa bwino ndikuwongoleredwa ndi malingaliro ake kuti awone izi. Kenako adzaona momwe angadziwire komanso chifukwa chake zomwe zimakopa kapena zolengedwa zimakopeka kapena kufukiza chifukwa chofukiza, momwe zimakhudzira yemwe akupereka zofukizazo, zotsatira zake zina kukapsa.
Mnzanu [HW Percival]