THE
MAWU
APRIL 1910
| Copyright 1910 ndi HW PERCIVAL |
Amayi ndi Anzanu
Kodi mumdima ndiye kuti kulibe kuwala, kapena ndi komwe kumadzipatula ndipo kumakhala kuwala. Ngati ali osiyana ndi osiyana, mdima ndi chiyani?
Mdima suli “kusakhalapo kwa kuwunika.” Kuwala si mdima. Mdima ndi kanthu pawokha, osati kuwala. Mdima ungatenge kwakanthawi malo owala ndi owala, koma kuwalako kumachotsa mdima. Kuwala kudzathetsa mdima mwa kukweza ndi kupangitsa mdima kukhala kuwala. Kuwala ndi mdima womwe timazindikira kudzera mu zowunikira sikuli kuwala komanso mdima mwa iwo wokha, ngakhale kuti zomwe tikuwona ngati kuwunika ndi mdima zimachokera ku kuunika kwenikweni ndi mumdima. Monga chinthu, mumdima mulinso chinthu chimodzi, chomwe ndi muzu, maziko kapena maziko a mawonekedwe onse monga chinthu. M'malo ake oyambilira, ali chete ndipo ali ofanana palokha. Sazindikira, sazindikira ndipo sazindikira chilichonse. Kuwala ndi mphamvu yochokera kwa anzeru omwe adutsa masinthidwe ndipo ali pamwamba kapena owonekera. Ophunzira akakhala ndi nzeru pakuwongolera zinthu zopanda pake ndi zopanda moyo, womwe ndi mdimawo, gawo ilo kapena lakuda, pomwe kuwala kumayendetsedwa, kumayamba kugwira ntchito. Ndi chiyambi cha ntchito, chinthu chomwe chidali chimodzi chimakhala chofanana. Mumdima kapena chinthu sichingagwiritsenso ntchito, koma ndichilengedwe. Izi zokhala ndi kanthu kapena mdima zimadziwika kuti ndi zinthu zauzimu. Mzimu ndi chinthu ndi zinthu ziwiri zotsutsana za chinthu chimodzi, zomwe ndi zoyambira, koma zauzimu zimagwira. Magawo omwe gawoli limagawika ngati chinthu cha uzimu, komanso chidziwitso cha mzimu chonse, alimbikitsa pa iwo ndi chiyambi cha kholo lawo lomwe limayambira komanso chifukwa cha zomwe akuchita kapena mawonekedwe. Kugonjera ndi muzu ndi kholo la gawo lililonse la zinthu zosawonekera ndi zochuluka. Kuwala ndiko kuyambitsa kuwonekera ndi kuchitapo kanthu mu gawo lirilonse komanso kuwonetsa kuchuluka kwathunthu. Kotero kuti mu gawo lirilonse losawoneka, komanso kupyola mu kuwonekera kwathunthu kumayimiridwa: kholo lazinthu monga chinthu ndi mphamvu yothandizira monga kuwala. Mu gawo lirilonse lomwe limatchedwa kuti la-mizimu mumakhala motere kholo, chinthu, ndi mphamvu, kuwala. Kugonjera kumaimiridwa ndi gawo la gawo lomwe silikudziwikalo lomwe limatchedwa kuti chinthu, ndipo kuwala kumayimiriridwa ndi mbali inayo kapena gawo la gawo lofananira lomwelo lotchedwa mzimu. Zonse zakumwamba kapena zowonetsera zimayitanidwa kuchokera ku chinthu chosadziwika kapena mumdima kuti ziwonetsedwe ndi mphamvu yakuwala kwa anzeru, ndipo kuwunikaku kumapangitsa kuti zinthu zauzimu zomwe zikuchitikazo zikugwirabe ntchito nthawi yonse yowonekera. Munthawi ya mawonetseredwe kuwala komwe kumawonekera ndi mawonekedwe amdima ndiko chifukwa cha chomwe timachitcha kuwala. Nkhani yomwe ikuwonetsedwa ndiyomwe idatcha mdima. Kuwala ndi mdima zimawoneka ngati zikulimbana ndipo zikuwoneka kuti zimapereka malo kwa wina ndi mzake pakuwonetsedwa. Usana ndi usiku, kudzuka ndi kugona, moyo ndi imfa, ndizotsutsana kapena mbali zotsutsana za chinthu chomwecho. Otsutsa awa amachita mosinthana kwakanthawi kochepa kapena kwanthawi yayitali, mpaka mdimawo utasandulika kuwala. Iliyonse imawoneka kutiiyi monga yosafunika ngakhale ili ndi yofunikira. Munthu ali ndi iye mumdima ndi mphamvu yakuwala. Kwa munthu zindikira zake ndiye mdima wake ndipo malingaliro ake ndiye kuunika kwake. Koma sikuti nthawi zambiri zimalingaliridwa motero. Kwa malingaliro malingaliro amawoneka ngati mdima. Kwa malingaliro malingaliro ndi mdima. Zomwe zimawoneka ngati zikuchokera ku dzuwa, timazitcha kuwala kwa dzuwa. Ku lingaliro lamalingaliro ndi zomwe zimati kuwala ndizofanana ndi mdima pamene izo, malingaliro, amawunikiridwa ndi mphamvu yowala ya luntha la kholo lawo. Kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kuzindikira kwakanthawi kwake kumatha kubwera kwa ife ngakhale malingaliro atamizidwa mkati ndikutsutsana ndi mdima; ndiye kuti tidzaona kuwala kwa dzuwa monga chionetsero kapena chizindikiro cha kuuni weniweni. Mdima umapereka malo ndipo umasinthidwa kukhala kuwala kwamuyaya popeza umagonjetsedwa ndi malingaliro ndi zochita za malingaliro.
Kodi radium ndi motani momwe zingathetsere kupitirizabe mphamvu zopanda mphamvu popanda kutayika ndi kutayika kwa mphamvu yake ndi thupi lake, ndipo nchiyani chomwe chimayambitsa radioactivity yake?
Zikuyenera kuti wolemba funsoli amadziwa bwino zomwe asayansi akudziwa pa zomwe zapangidwa posachedwa ndi radium, monga momwe amachokera ku pitchblende, kupezeka kwake ndi Madame Curie, mphamvu yake yowunikira, mphamvu ya momwe iku kuchitira matupi ena, mphamvu zake kuperewera ndi zovuta zomwe zimakhalapo pakupanga kwake.
Radium ndi mkhalidwe wakuthupi momwe mphamvu ndi zopepuka kuposa zathupi zimawonekera mu mphamvu. Radium ndi nkhani yakuthupi polumikizana ndi zinthu zina ndipo mphamvu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimaganiziridwa kuti ndi zongopeka. Ether ndi mphamvu izi ndi zigawo za zinthu zabwino kwambiri kuposa zakuthupi ndipo zimachita kapena kudzera mwa zomwe zimatchedwa zooneka zakuthupi, kaya zinthu zakuthupi ndi diamondi kapena molekyulu ya hydrogen. Pakadakhala kuti sikunali kwa zinthu zongoyerekeza kapena zongoganizira chabe pakadachitika zinthu zakuthupi sikukadakhala kusintha kapena kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zakuthupi. Kuchita bwino pazinthu zazikulu kwambiri kumayambitsa kuphatikiza kwa "mankhwala" komanso kusintha kwazinthu pakugwiritsidwa ntchito wamba komanso monga momwe akatswiri opangira mankhwala amapangira.
Radium ndi chinthu chakuthupi chomwe chimapangidwa mwachindunji kapena kudzera mwa zinthu zakuthambo popanda chinthu chachitatu komanso popanda kusinthidwa machitidwe ndi zinthu za astral. Zina zakuthupi zimachitidwa ndi zinthu za astral, koma mwochepera kuposa radium. Nthawi zambiri, zotsatira zakuyenda kwa m'modzi pazinthu zina zakuthupi sizingawonongeke chifukwa zinthu zakuthupi sizingagwire kulumikizana ndi kukana kwa zinthu zaku astral zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi radium, ndipo nkhani zina zambiri sizokhudzana mwachindunji ndi nkhani ya astral monga ziliri radium. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso tosaoneka tambiri tambiri tomwe timakhala tili m'nkhani zonse. Koma pakadali pano pitchblende ikuwoneka kuti ndiye gwero lazomwe zimatha kusungidwa zochuluka kwambiri, ngakhale zili zochepa. Zidutswa zomwe zimatchedwa radium zimapangidwa kuti zikhale gulu limodzi, zinthu za astral zimagwira mwachindunji kudzera mwa izo mwa mphamvu ndi mphamvu yowoneka ndi mphamvu.
Ntchito ya wailesi ya radium siitero, monga momwe akuganizira tsopano, chifukwa chopanga kapena kutulutsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tathupi. Zinthu zakuthupi zomwe radium amapangidwa sizimapereka ntchito ya wailesi kapena mphamvu ina yomwe imawonekera kudzera mwa iyo. Radium si mphamvu, koma sing'anga yamphamvu. (Zinthu zili ndi mbali ziwiri ndipo zimakhalapo pamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pa ndege iliyonse imakhala ndi kanthu pomwe ikungokhala ndi mphamvu komanso kuigwiritsa ntchito. Kotero zinthu zakuthupi ndizofunikira chabe ndipo mphamvu ndiyofunika kuigwira. ndege ndi zinthu zakuthambo.) Radium ndi thupi lomwe zinthu zakuthambo zimawonekera. Radium ndi nkhani yakuthupi; ntchito ya wailesi ndi nkhani yachikale kuchokera kudziko la astral yomwe imawonekera pogwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi. Dziko la astral lazungulira mozungulira kupyola dziko lapansi, ndipo, momwe zinthu zake zilili bwino, ilo limalowa ndipo kudzera mu zinthu zakuthupi, monga asayansi akunena kuti ether ili mkati ndi kudzera pa crowbar, kapena momwe zimadziwikira kuti magetsi amayenda mkati ndi kudzera m'madzi. Monga kandulo yomwe imapereka kuwala, radium imapereka kuwala kapena mphamvu. Koma mosiyana ndi kandulo, siyimayatsidwa pakuwunikira. Monga jenereta kapena waya yamagetsi yomwe imawoneka kuti ikutulutsa kutentha kapena kuwala kapena mphamvu, radium imawoneka kuti ikutulutsa kapena kutaya mphamvu; ndipo zimatero, mwina. Koma kuwala kapena mphamvu ina yomwe imawoneka kuti yopanga sizipatsidwa ndi waya. Amadziwika kuti mphamvu zamagetsi sizichokera ku dynamo kapena waya wamagetsi. Amadziwikanso kuti magetsi omwe amawoneka ngati kutentha kapena kuwala kapena magetsi amawongoleredwa pama waya. Momwemonso, mphamvu kapena mphamvu ija yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi ntchito ya wailesi imawonekera kudzera mu radium kuchokera ku gwero lomwe silikudziwika pano pa sayansi. Koma gwero siliri radium monganso momwe gwero lamagetsi limakhalira dynamo kapena waya. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta thupi lake timataya ndi kutenthedwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono kuposa ma dynamo kapena waya wamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi. Gwero la zomwe zimawonetsedwa kudzera radium ndizofanana ndi gwero lamagetsi. Onsewa amachokera ku gwero limodzi. Kusiyana pakati pa kuwonekera kwa magetsi monga kutentha, kuwala kapena magetsi ndi zomwe zimawonetsedwa kudzera mu radium yakuthupi zimakhala pakatikati kowonetsera osati mwa magetsi kapena ntchito yama radio. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timene timapangidwa ndi dynamo, jenereta kapena waya, sizomwe zili zofanana ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timapangidwira. Zinthu za Astral ndi mphamvu zomwe zimagwira mu nkhani ya astral zimachita mwachindunji pa radium popanda chinthu china kapena kuyimira. Zomwe zimayendera kudzera pa waya wamagetsi zimawonetsedwa ndi zinthu zina, monga mabatire, maginito, magesi, magesi, mafuta amafuta. Palibe chimodzi mwazinthu izi chomwe chimafunidwa ndi radium chifukwa cholumikizana mwachindunji ndipo chimaloleza zinthu zaku astral kuti ziwonekere kapena za icho.
Amadziwika kuti magetsi amagetsi samadutsa waya, koma mozungulira waya. Zidzapezekanso kuti momwemonso mawailesi-machitidwe sakhala mu radium, koma mozungulira kapena pafupi ndi radium. Opanga zamagetsi ayesa ndipo akuyesabe kupanga njira zina momwe mphamvu zamagetsi zimapangidwira kuwonekera ndikuwongolera popanda kugwiritsa ntchito nthunzi kapena mafuta kapena galvanic kanthu. Radium akuwonetsa ndikuwonetsa momwe izi zingachitikire.
Mnzanu [HW Percival]