THE
MAWU
JULY 1915
| Copyright 1915 ndi HW PERCIVAL |
Amayi ndi Anzanu
Kodi matenda ndi chiyani omwe ali ndi mabakiteriya?
Matenda amthupi ndi gawo lomwe malamulo a ziwalo za chiwalo chimodzi kapena zingapo zimasokonezeka kwambiri mpaka mphamvu ya chiwalo kapena ziwalo zimasokonekera kapena kugwira ntchito kwa chiwalo chimodzi mogwirizana ndi chiwalo china kapena ziwalo zina. Zotsatira zake ndikuti zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa m'chilengedwe sizikugwirizananso ndi chinthu cha munthu - kutanthauza kuti, ndi mgwirizano, kapangidwe kake ka thupi.
Matenda amayamba chifukwa cha kudya kosayenera, kumwa, kupuma, kuchita komanso kuganiza zosayenera. Matendawa ndi cholepheretsa kugwira ntchito kwa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa ndikugwira ntchito zolimbitsa thupi.
Bacteria ndi bowa, microscopic zomera, zambiri zokhala ngati ndodo, ngati lance ngati, zingwe ngati zingwe. Bacteria akuti ndi omwe amayambitsa matenda opatsirana ambiri komanso chifukwa cha matenda osapatsirana, omwe amatanthauzanso matenda.
Ngakhale mabakiteriya amakhudzana kwambiri ndi matenda, mabakiteriya sindomwe amayambitsa matenda. Mabakiteriya amakula nthawi yomwe zochulukitsa zawo zimaperekedwa, ndipo mikhalidwe imeneyi imadzetsedwa ndi malingaliro osayenera, kuchita, kupumira, kudya ndi kumwa. Bakiteriya ochulukitsa kuti apange matenda sangathe kukhalapo pomwe munthu sanawapatse iwo chonde chofalitsa thupi lake. Nthawi zambiri, pafupifupi yunifolomu, kuwononga thupi ndi kupesa m'matumbo ndi machitidwe a chimbudzi ndi zinthu zoyambira zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya azikhala malo abwino ndi chitukuko.
Kodi khansa ndi yotani, ndipo ngati ingachiritsidwe, chithandizo n'chiyani?
Khansa ndi dzina lomwe limaperekedwa kuti likhale ndi ziwalo zina zoyipa mthupi la munthu, zomwe zimapangidwa ndikulipirira minofu yofananira, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimamupha. Khansa ndi amodzi mwa matenda omwe akuwonjezeka ndi kupita patsogolo kwa chitukuko. Chitukuko chimaberekanso matenda, ngakhale njira zopewera komanso chithandizo chamankhwala chomwe chimagwiritsa mitundu ya matenda omwe anali ofala m'mbuyomu. Moyo wapafupi kwambiri wa anthu ndi nyama komanso chilengedwe chamoyo chocheperako ndi matenda; koma ndikadzaza matupi athu ndikutalikirana kwambiri ndi machitidwe ake, ndizotheka kumatenda. Ndi kupita kwa nthawi, mitundu ya matenda imayamba yomwe sizikudziwika kale, ndipo matenda omwe amapezeka nthawi zina amakhala ochulukirapo. Mokulira kukulira kwamaganizidwe komwe kumakhala kothekera kwambiri ndi matenda kumakhala kofanana ndi mthupi kapena chimodzimodzi. M'zaka makumi asanu ndi anayi za zana lapitalo matenda atsopano, otchedwa la grippe, adawonekera ndikufalikira mofulumira m'malo ambiri otukuka padziko lapansi. Momwemonso milandu ya khansa imati ikuwonjezeka.
Pali cell ya khansa yomwe ndi yathupi. Pali zambiri za izi mwa munthu aliyense, koma nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kenako, motero sizimadziwika. Palinso nyongolosi ya khansa, ndipo siyathupi, koma ndi yachilendo. Nyongolosi imakhala ilipo mu thupi la astral, koma imakhala yopanda; ndiye kuti sizikuyambitsa kukula kwa khungu la khansa. Zofunikira zina zimafunikira kuchitira ndi kuchulukitsa kwa nyongolosi ya khansa. Awiri mwa mikhalidwe iyi yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala umboni ndi momwe thupi lamakhwima lakhalira, lomwe limadziwika ndi zaka makumi anayi ndi kupitilira, komanso mkhalidwe wamalingaliro wofanizidwa bwino ndi mantha. Chifukwa chake, mantha ndi zaka pafupifupi makumi anai zimakondweretsa kupanga majeremusi a khansa motero kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa maselo a khansa.
Khansa imatha kuchiritsidwa ndikuchiritsidwa. Yankho la funsoli komanso chithandizo cha khansa linafotokozedwera "Nthawi ndi Anzathu" munkhani ya Mawu, September, 1910, Vol. XI, No.6.
Mnzanu [HW Percival]