The Foundation Foundation
Gawani tsambali



THE

MAWU

Vol. 23 JUNE 1916 Ayi. 3

Copyright 1916 ndi HW PERCIVAL

ZINTHU ZIMENE ZINALI ANTHU ENA

(Kupitilizidwa)
Mphamvu Zoyambira Zambiri Zosawonongeka

Zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa kuti zopanda moyo sizikhala zopanda moyo. Alibe munthu kapena chinyama, koma mtundu wamunthu womwe ali nawo. Kapangidwe ka kalikonse ka thupi kamapangidwa ndi zinthu zoyambira, zotulutsa ndi zamagulu. (Onani Mawu, Vol. 21, No. 1, mas. 4 ndi 5.) Mu china chilichonse chakuthupi ndi moyo ndi mzimu wamtundu wina. Mzimuwo ndi moyo wamoyo, koma sufanana ndi mzimu wamunthu. Kapangidwe ka chinthu chilichonse chakuthupi ndimphamvu zakugona kusuntha, kuchitapo kanthu, ndi kusintha. M'malo mozungulira chinthucho mumadzaza nyanja zam'malo zinayi zamatsenga. Ngati mphamvu inayake yakunja ikhoza kulumikizana ndi mphamvu zapamwamba pazinthuzo, zimadzuka. Mphamvu zonse mkati ndi kunja kwake ndi mizukwa yachilengedwe.

Kulumikizana pakati pa mizukwa kudzuka mu chinthucho ndi kunja kwa zinthuzo, kumayika chinthucho pang'onopang'ono ndi mphamvu yakunja, ndipo chinthucho chimasungunuka, kusunthidwa, kapena kusinthidwa.

Mukamachita Zinthu Zambiri Pamphamvu Pamodzi ndi Zozimira Kunja

Ndodo ya nkhuni imawotchedwa ndipo imadyedwa pamene mphamvu yakunja idayikidwa gawo ndi mphamvu mkati. Kunena zowona, nkhuni zimayaka pomwe mizukwa yamoto yopanda popanda ikalumikizidwa ndi mizukwa yamoto yomwe ili mkati mwa ndodo. Ichi ndi chitsanzo cha kusungunuka ndikubwerera kwa mizukwa yomangidwa ku ufulu pazinthu zinayi.

Zotsatira zinanso zakuuka ndi kulumikizana ndi mizukwa zimapezeka pamene mphamvu yam'mlengalenga yakumlengalenga popanda kuyika gawo limodzi ndi mphamvu za mizukwa yakumwamba yomwe ili mkati mwa chinthucho. Zikatero, chinthu chakuthupi, ndodo yamatanda pamenepa, imamvera yosunthira kunja, ndikukutengera uku ndi uku.

Kupitilira apo, chidutswa cha mtengo chimatha kusinthidwa, ndodo yakufa ikhoza kukhala yamoyo ndikukula ngati nthambi ndikukula ngati mtengo, kapena matengowo angasinthidwe kukhala mwala. Izi zimachitika pamene mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mizukwa yamadzi yopanda ndodo ija ikayikidwa mu gawo limodzi ndi mizere yam'madzi, yoyendera ndi yodziwika mkati mwa ndodo.

Nkhani yomwe yatchulidwa tsopano ikukhudzana ndi yachiwiriyo, matsenga opanga zinthu zopanda moyo amamvera mphamvu yakunja. Kuphatikizana kukapangidwa ndipo mphamvu imodzi yamkati imadzutsidwa ndikuyika gawo limodzi ndi mphamvu yakunja, ndiye kuti chinthu chakuthupi chimvera mphamvu yakunja. Ngati chinthu ndi mphamvu zakhudzidwa mosadziwa kapena chifukwa chosadziwa, chinthucho chitha kubweretsa vuto.

Chifukwa chake kuwongolera kuyenera kuchitika ndikuwongolera kuyenera kuperekedwa ku mphamvu ndi ku chinthucho, kapena akhoza kukhala owopsa kwa anthu.

Chifukwa Chomwe Munthu Samaloledwa Kudziwa Zamatsenga

Sichinthu chobvomerezeka kudziwitsa anthu zamalamulo amatsenga omwe amayendetsa mizimu ya mizimu kapena momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mphamvu zake zamatsenga, komanso momwe angasinthidwire zinthu zakuthambo. Choopsa chagona pakusowa kwa chidziwitso ndi kulephera kwa kukhazikika kwa abambo komanso chifukwa cha kudzikonda komanso kusadziletsa. Chifukwa chake alibe chilichonse chofunikira kuwaika, ngakhale atakhala kuti akutanthauza zambiri, pamwamba pa zowopsa, zomwe omwe akuchita zamatsenga.

Akatswiri anzeru olamulira dziko lapansi sadzalola kuti amuna ambiri akhale ndi chidziwitso chowopsa chotere. Malingana ngati munthu amalamulidwa ndi zofunikira mwa iye, ndipo izi zikugonjera zokopa zochokera m'magulu onse ampweya wachilengedwe, munthu sangadaliridwe.

Nthawi zina amuna amakhala ngati ali pafupi kupezako chinsinsi chobweretsa mphamvu yatsopano mu chinthu chokhala ndi gawo la mphamvu kunja, koma zomwe zapezeka sizinaloledwe kupitilira patali. Ngakhale zochepa zomwe zidapezeka zidapangidwa posachedwa ndi Anzeru kuti zitheke. Ndiye kuti wofukula dziko lapansi adalengeza kuti walota kapena wachinyengo. Makina osiyanasiyana osunthika osasintha, Keeley's Force ndi Keeley's Magalimoto, ndi zochitika zakumbuyo zomwe zinafufuzidwa. Zingachitike ndi chiani ngati munthu m'modzi kapena boma liyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magulu ankhondo omwe ali opitilira kuposa omwe akugwira ntchito mundege ino, ndege zam'madzi, mfuti zodutsa, machubu a mpweya wapoizoni ndi bomba la bomba, ndi madzi osakwanira, monga zida izi zili pamwambapa kalabu yosavuta ndi mwala? Chingachitike ndi chiyani cha umunthu, cha chitukuko cha anthu? Mlengalenga umodzi waukulu, wokhala ndi makamu ake, umatha kufafaniza gulu lankhondo la amuna, kuwononga gawo la kuminda ya anthu ndi minda yazipatso, mafakitale opangira, ndi mabungwe. Nkhondo, kulengeza nkhondo, sikofunikira kuti iwonongeke. Munthu m'modzi amatha kuchita izi mkati mwamtendere, kuti angowaza ndulu yake kapena kuti atolole zipatso zaulamuliro wake wazowopsa. Ndi matsenga otere gawo la nyanja likhoza kusinthidwa kukhala moto, mlengalenga ma mamailosi amatha kusinthika ndi moto, dziko lapansi limatha kumizidwa kapena kusinthidwa kukhala mlengalenga, mlengalenga umatha kukhala wovuta kwambiri ngati ayezi komanso woukira. Nanga bwanji za anthu?

Amuna ayenera kudziwa za kukhalapo kwa mphamvu izi, kuthekera kwazinthu izi, ndi maubwino omwe angabwere padziko lapansi kuchokera kuzidziwitso zamatsenga ndi kuwongolera, popanda kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo ayenera kuyesetsa kukhala oyang'anira chidziwitso ichi . Koma pakadali pano sangadaliridwe ndi mphamvu zoyitanira mizukwa ndi kuilamula.

Vuto la Wantchito Limasinthidwa ndi Zamoyo Zachilengedwe

China chilichonse chitha kukhala ndi chomangiramo, ndipo chitha kupangidwa kuti chichitike zina zina. Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kukonza kaye chinthucho ndikuchisintha kuti chizikhala choyambira. Kenako amatulutsa choyambirira, kenako chimangiriza ndi kusindikiza chinthu choyambayo. Popanda kugwirana ndi dzanja la munthu kapena kulumikizana ndi anthu, tsache limatha kusesa, nsalu mpaka fumbi, chidebe choti chinyowe ndikunyamula madzi, pulawo yophwanya dothi, galimoto yosunthira, bwato kuti ayende mmadzi , mpando kapena kama kuti udzutse mu mlengalenga, pomwe malangizo ndi mayendedwe amaperekedwa. Zinthu izi zimapitiliza kugwira ntchito yomwe idalamulidwa mpaka mipweya yomwe ikugwiritsa ntchito italamulidwa kuti iyime. Ngati zinthuzo sizinakonzekere bwino komanso kusinthidwa kukhala ndi mizukwa ndizosavuta kuyiyambitsa kusiyana ndikuziletsa.

Chifukwa chake zochitika zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimasungunukira mzake, zitha kukwaniritsidwa ndi ntchito ya mizukwa yachilengedwe. Ntchito zonse zapakhomo, ntchito zonyozeka, ntchito zonse zaboma zosagwirizana, monga kuchotsedwa kwa zinyalala ndi uve, ndikumanganso misewu yayikulu ndikukweza nyumba, zitha kuchitidwa ndi antchito wamba. Izi zichitikadi kwakanthawi. Zimatha bwanji?

Mwa mtundu uliwonse wa ntchito yomwe imafunikira luso komanso makamaka pamasewera, zaluso zomwe zimapambana zimagona mwanjira inayake kumverera. Wojambula amayenera kumva utoto wake pakatchire, woponya akuyenera kumverera mu baseball ndikumva kutembenuka kotsatira, kuwombera grouse munthu ayenera kumverera kudzera mfuti yake pachimake, ndipo asodzi opambana amayenera kuponyedwa kugwira kwake; kuwerengera chabe kapena kuwona sikokwanira. Luso muzochitika zonsezi lili mu kukopa koyambira, komwe wopweteka, wokoka mivi, wosaka, wosodzi trout amapereka. Anthu awa nthawi zambiri sazindikira zaluso zomwe akuchita. Chowonadi chakuti sadziwa chilichonse chimawalola kuchita ntchito zawo mwachilengedwe. Zomwe akudziwa ndi, ngati agwira ntchitoyo mwanjira inayake, zinthu zikuwayendera bwino, ndipo kupambana kumeneko kumachitika akakhala ndi malingaliro mu zomwe akuchita.

Kukonzekera Zinthu kwa Ogwira Ntchito Zachilengedwe

China chake chimakonzedwa kuti chizithandiza ngati gawo loyambira ntchito zapakhomo, kudzera mukumverera ndi kukhudza komwe amatsatsa. Pali magulu awiri a anthu, omwe amagwira ntchito mwaukadaulo, osamva, komanso omwe akumva ntchito yawo. Anthu ena amasesa umakaniko, ndipo ena akumva mu tsache lomwe akutsukitsalo. Iwo omwe samatha kumva mu tsache sayenera kukonzekera chinthu cholumikizacho. Kusesa kwathunthu bwino, kulowa mumakona, kuseri kwa mapangidwe, pansi pa mipando, wina ayenera kumverera mu tsache mu izi. Iwo omwe samamva kudzera mu tsache sangagwire ntchito yawo bwino. Zomwe zimatchedwa pano "kumva kulowa mu tsache," ndi "kumverera mu tsache," ndi chinthu choyamba kuchita ndi munthu yemwe akufuna kukonza tsache kuti alumikizane ndi chinthu choyambirira chomwe chidzamangiriridwa ku tsache. Kumverera mu tsache kudzera pakukhudza, imagunitsa ma tinthu omwe ali mu tsache ndikuwasintha kuti akhale oyambitsa wa opereshawo. Gawo, ngakhale laling'ono, la iye, limalowetsedwa mu tsache. Kenako dzina la wolamulira woyambira limayitanitsidwa kuti lipereke m'modzi mwa antchito omwe azisoka tsache. Ndiye kuti chamunthu chomwe chikufanana ndi wantchito amene wayitanidwacho, ndiye tayi yomwe imalumikiza mzimu wa antchito ndi tsache.

Ghost Workers Amachita ndi Dongosolo ndi Kuganiza

Ntchitoyi imayambika ndi kukhudza kapena mawu ndi lingaliro, ndipo imayimitsidwa ndi kukhudza kapena mawu ndi lingaliro. Tsache litakonzedwa ndi mayendedwe ake, lidzagwira ntchito mosalongosoka komanso mosamala ngati likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wosamalira bwino nyumba. Koma choyambirira sichingachite zambiri kuposa momwe chimalangidwira. Poyambira lilibe malingaliro, lingaliro. Zimagwira pokhapokha kuchokera pazoganiza zomwe zimayamba kusefukira. Chifukwa chake chimapewa zopinga pansi kapena pakhoma, sizigwetsa chilichonse, kapena kugogoda chilichonse. Zimayankha ku lingaliro lomwe linalamulira. Chifukwa chake udindo wa kulingalira ndi kuganiza pazonse zadzidzidzi. Kulakwitsa kulikonse, kuyang'anira, kusayenerera, kapena kulephera kubisa zonse zotheka, zimachitika nthawi zonse, zingakhale zovutirapo kwa iye amene amatcha tsache kuti lisese.

Wotsogola akazimilira ndi kusindikizira kwa tsache kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuchita ntchito yomwe amayenera kuti achite, ndiye kuti munthu wina amene sakudziwa momwe angapangire elemental akhoza kubwera ndikulamula kuti asese, tsache lithe uchite, monga zakhala zizolowera kuchita mothandizidwa ndi mbuye wake. Kutengera kwa tsache ndikulamula, osati kwa yemweyo monga momwe zilili ndi galu womvera mbuye wake.

Chikhazikikacho chimamangiriridwa ku chinthu ndi chinthu chopangidwa kuti chigwire ntchito, ntchitoyo idzachitidwa monganso wamatsenga angayilingalire. Chithunzi cha zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika ndi momwe, ziyenera kuonekera m'mutu mwake. Chithunzi cholingalirachi chidzatsimikizika pazinthu zolumikizidwa ndi chinthucho. Chojambulachi chizigwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi chithunzi choperekedwa kwa mzimu.

Zoopsa Zachilengedwe Zidzathetsa Ntchito Zovuta

Mavuto amakono monga funso la wantchito, chisokonezo cha chikhalidwe cha anthu, chidzathetsedwa ndikukhazikitsa kwa antchito anthawi, nthawi ikakwana. Munthu adzapanga nthawiyo mwa kuyendetsa zinthu zomwe zili mwa iye, ndipo zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamuwongolera.