THE

MAWU

ZINTHU ZIMENE ZINALI ANTHU ENA

(Kupitilizidwa)

Machiritso Achifundo

KUCHIRITSA komanso kuvulaza ndichisoni kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo komanso zolemba zamatsenga zamatsenga zokhudzana ndi malingaliro achifundo ndi antipathy. Kuchiritsa ndi kuvulala kumeneku kumachitika ndikupanga ndikuyika maginito omwe mphamvu zake zimalumikizana ndipo zimakhudza zinthu zomwe zimapanga thupi kapena gawo kuti lichiritsidwe kapena kuvutitsidwa. M'machiritso ndi zolakwa za akatswiri azachipatala gulu lomwelo la zofunikira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kuloledwa kugwira ntchito monga machiritso achifundo, kaya akatswiri akudziwa kapena ayi.

Shamananism, voodooism, nthano ndi miyambo ya Amwenye aku North America, komanso machitidwe obisika a gypsies komanso amphawi ambiri, abusa, ndi anthu asodzi osakhala kumayiko opanda anthu, zonsezi zimayenera kukhala ndi mapemphero, ma buse, kutulutsa, kutulutsa mawu, kukumbira, zithumwa, zopangira phokoso, zopereka, ndi ntchito zina zachilendo, zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zizibweretsa mphamvu zamatsenga zakuchilengedwe, zomwe zimadziwika kuti kuchiritsa kwachisoni ndi kulodza.

Kulingalira pazachifundo ndi zinthu zakale sikunali kokha kwa akatswiri a zamahekedwe a Middle Ages. Anthu ambiri amadziwa zotsatira zake osachepera, zomwe zitha kupezeka pogwiritsa ntchito matsenga abodza awa, ngakhale samadziwa ziphunzitso. Chifundo chimadaliridwabe ndi anthu akumayiko ena, ma gypsi ndi mafuko osamukika, komanso ku Europe kuposa ku America. Chifukwa ku Europe zinthu zakomweko zimapangitsa kuti anthu akumidzi ndi oyendayenda m'misewu yayikulu azikhala pafupi ndi chilengedwe kuposa omwe amakhala m'mizinda. Ali ku Amereka, ngakhale m'ma distilanti, anthu amakhala ndi zinthu zambiri ndipo mlengalenga ndi chitukuko chamakono ndipo motalikirapo sakhala kwayekha komanso mwachilengedwe. Ngakhale zili choncho, kukhudzidwa kwachitukuko sikungalepheretse anthu ena kuzindikira zodabwitsa zakuzimu. M'mbuyomu Amwenye aku America adadziwa, ndipo ena a iwo amadziwa, za mizukwa mlengalenga, matondo ndi miyala ndi mitengo ndi madzi. Mitambo yayitali yapa moorlands ndi heather, matabwa ndi unyolo wamapiri, komwe anthu ochepa amapezeka, minda ndi mitengo, kumene palibe aliyense koma okhalamo omwe amagwira ntchito ndipo amadutsa mu tsiku lachete, ndipo ng'ombe ndi nyama zina zimakhala mosaloleka; Zomera zomwe zimakhala m'nkhalango zowirira, ma dambo ndi ma bogi, phokoso la mitsinje, mitsinje, mitsinje yochepa, nyanja zamkuntho ndi mafunde, zonsezi mumisika yobiriwira ndi yoyera mukutembenuka kwa magulu a nyenyezi ndi pansi pa kusintha kwa mwezi, ndi mikhalidwe yomwe imalola anthu kumva nthawi zina zamphamvu zakuzimu.

M'moyo wakale ndizosavuta kumva mphamvu izi. Pali anthu omwe amadziwa kuti mitengo imadulidwa nthawi imodzi komanso gawo limodzi lokhala mwezi mozungulira mwachangu kuposa kudula nthawi ina. Mmenemo anthu amazindikira kufunikira kotola zitsamba munthawi komanso maola pamene mapulaneti ena amalamulira kumwamba m'nyumba zina. Ndikudziwika kuti mizukwa ina imayang'anira madera ena, ndipo kuti mizukwa imadziwonetsa pena paliponse, ngakhale zinthu zomwe mizu imeneyi imayamba kuonekera sizidziwika. Kuchokera nthano zoterezi nthawi zambiri zimabuka. Anthu amadziwa kuti miyala kapena zinthu zina zimakhala ndi ubale wina ndi genii wotsogolera, ndipo nthawi zambiri zinthu ngati izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiritsa matenda kapena kubweretsa zovuta. Ena mwa anthu osavuta awa amapangika m'maganizo mwakuti amatha kuwona ndikulankhula ndi zolengedwa ndipo nthawi zambiri amalandila malangizo ndi upangiri, pazinthu zina, zokhudzana ndi machitidwe achisoni pazinthu. Kuyandikira kwawo pafupi ndi chilengedwe kumakhala kokhazikika ndipo kumvetsetsa momwe zinthu zomwe zimapangidwira zimatha kuchiritsa kapena kuvulaza, kutengera nthawi yomwe adasonkhanitsidwa komanso momwe adakonzera ndikugwiritsa ntchito, chikhalidwe cha tanthauzo lakelo. Chifukwa chake zimadziwika kuti zizindikiro ndi zizindikilo zina zimakhala ndi phindu lenileni pakuyitanitsa, kufikira ndi kuwongolera mizukwa yachilengedwe, monga momwe mawu olembedwa kapena olankhulidwanso amakhudzanso amuna. Ma Curve, mizere yowongoka ndi ma angina omwe adakhazikitsidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana amatsogolera kumvera ndikutulutsa zina. Chifukwa chake kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ngati mabwalo olembedwa ndi zifanizo, mazira, ziguduli, maofesi am'nyanja, ngati zokondweretsa kuteteza.

Thupi lazidziwitso ndi zamatsenga, likuchita momwe limakhalira, ndi chikhalidwe chenicheni cha zolengedwa zomwe zimamanga, kukonza, ndikuwononga matupi onse ndi zinthu mu mamineral, masamba ndi nyama ndi maufumu a anthu. Makhalidwe awo enieni sawoneka ndipo sawoneka ndipo ndi matsenga. Chilichonse chimakopa kapena kuthamangitsa china chilichonse. Mphamvu izi zobisika, zosazindikirika ndi maonekedwe athupi, zimakhazikitsidwa pamalamulo azomvera komanso antipathies. Pansi pa mineral ndi pamwamba pa munthu, malamulo omwe amawongolera chisoni ndi antipathy nawonso amachitapo kanthu, koma zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndizachidziwikire kuti zimatha kuzindikiridwa ndi malingaliro omwe amadziwika kuti zomwe zalembedwazi ndizochepa. Malangizo ndi antipathies a elementals pamene amangidwa pazinthu za maufumu anai, chifukwa komanso motsutsana ndi zinthu zaulere pazinthu, ndiye maziko a sayansi yachisoni ndi malingaliro pakati pa zinthu zakuthupi.

Zitsulo, miyala, ndi zomera, ndi mizu, nthangala, masamba, makungwa, maluwa ndi timadziti tamitengo, nyama yamoyo ndi mbali zina za nyama zakufa, zakumwa ngati madzi, magazi, ndi malembo amiyambo yazinyama, ndi zinthu zina zotere. Gawo, linagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti lipange zotsatira mwa zochita za zinthu zaulere, zomwe zimatsogozedwa ndi chinthu chamatsenga chija kapena gawo lomwe linkachira kapena kuzunzidwa.

Machiritso a matenda omwe adalipo atha kutha kutha kupangitsa kuti zovuta zomwe zimabwera chifukwa chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zinthu zomwe nthawi zina zimawoneka kuti sizigwirizana ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito. Machiritso adatchedwa machiritso achisoni, matsenga amatsenga. Palibe amene angadziwe kuyesayesa kwamatsenga omwe sangakayikirepo za ufiti. Zachidziwikire, ambiri omwe amati amadziwa za ufiti, ndipo ambiri amene amakhulupirira kuti amadzidziwa kapena kuti amazichita kapena amene amazunzidwa - anali anthu wamba osazindikira kapena mphamvu iliyonse, pamizere yokhudza anthu kapena nyama kapena mbewu ndi Mphamvu zamatsenga zosagwirizana kapena zabwino zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kulumikizana kwa mizukwa yachilengedwe.

Zambiri zomwe zimakhulupirira zamatsenga zokhudzana ndi kuchiritsa mwachisoni komanso kuvutikira ndi ufiti zimawoneka ngati zopanda nzeru, ndipo zimadzetsa mkwiyo wa anthu omwe amaganiza mwadongosolo. Komabe, njira zambiri zomwe zaperekedwa sizabodza, makamaka chifukwa sizokwanira kapena chifukwa zimakhala ndi mawu, osinthidwa kapena kuwonjezeredwa, zomwe zimapangitsa njirazi kukhala zopanda tanthauzo. Nthawi zambiri pamakhala mbewu za choonadi m'miyambo ngati imeneyi. Palibe chomwe chimakula, koma chomwe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kupangitsa kapena kuchepetsa mavuto, anthu akanangodziwa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake zamagalimoto. Mphamvu zamagetsi sizimagona mu chinthucho, koma zimagona mu kufunika kwake ngati njira yolumikizira yomwe imachiritsidwa kapena kuvutika ndi zinthu zoyambitsa mphamvu zamatsenga zomwe zimabweretsa mphamvu yamatsenga kapena chisautso. Chomera chodalirika kapena chilichonse chomwe chingakhale, chitha kukhala chothandiza kapena zina, malinga ndi nthawi ndi malo omwe yasankhidwa ndikukonzekera komanso nthawi ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito. Nyengo ndi maora masana kapena usiku zimakhala ndi mphamvu zosiyana pamiyeso imodzimodzi, ndipo njirayi imabweretsa zotsatira zosiyana kutengera nthawi zomwe zakonzedwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ntchitoyo imafikira mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi nyengo ndi nthawi yomwe ichitidwa.

Osati ochepa mwa omwe amatchedwa zikhulupiriro zopanda nzeru, monga kuvulaza kavalo wa mdani poyendetsa msomali m'miyala yake osiyidwa bwino pansi, kuteteza ng'ombe ku ntchentche, ndi mbewu motsutsana ndi mbalame, nsikidzi ndi mbewa zam'minda pomangirira zitsamba mkati oyandikana ndi chomwe chimatetezedwa, ndikuchotsa timadontho tating'onoting'ono ndi dzanja la munthu wakufa, kulumikiza matenda a munthu wokhala ndi chomera kuti matenda atengeredwe ndi chomeracho kapena ndi mtsinje kuti utsukidwe kutali; onse ali ndi chifukwa chomveka chochiritsira kapena kuvutitsa anthu mwachifundo. Kumenyedwa ndi amwenye a ku America a ng’oma kuti aondoze mzimu womwe umayambitsa matenda, ndipo machitidwe ambiri a anthu olambira ku West Indies ndi ku Africa sikuthandiza monga angakhulupirire ndi amuna otukuka omwe ali ndi nkhawa zomwe sizimawalola. kukhala zachilengedwe. Izi zimamveka zopanda pake kwa iwo omwe samamvetsetsa mfundo zomwe zikukhudzidwa komanso kwa iwo omwe asangalatsidwa ndi zomwe amachita lero.

Zambiri zomwe zitha kuchitidwa lero ndi machitidwe a mizukwa yachilengedwe monga kale. Machiritso amatha kuchitika lero mwachifundo komanso mwabwino kuposa mankhwala. Lero mfundozi sizikudziwika ndipo sizichitika mwachizolowezi mwachisoni, ndipo iwo omwe nthawi zina amayesa kuchita izi ndi osaphunzira, "osamveka," "ozungulira", chifukwa chake anthu sakhulupirira. Komabe, wina aliyense woganiza bwino komanso wokhala ndi gulu loyenerera la psychic, yemwe angapatse nthawi yochulukirapo ku phunziroli ndikuchita zachifundo monga momwe madokotala amaperekera ku ntchito yawo, zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kuposa zomwe madotolo apeza.

Kutchula zitsanzo zochepa. Ndinkakhulupirira kuti ngati msomali utayendetsedwa pagulu la hatchi, nyamayo imalira kapena kuvulazidwa. Izi sizingachitike ndi aliyense, koma ndi yekhayo amene amalumikizana mokwanira ndi mizimu yakumalumikiza yolumikizira zinthu zina ndi zofunikira za msomali kuti athe kuchita zinthu mogwirizana ndi momwe bulu amagwirira ntchito pazovala za astral zomwe zatsalira ponyowa. nthaka; Mwanjira imeneyi hatchi imalira. Ng'ombe zinkatetezedwa ku ntchentche ndi udzu poziyika m'khola zina zotengedwa nthawi inayake. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi ntchentche kapena matendawa sizinakonde mbewuzi chifukwa chake sizikhala kutali ndi ng'ombe. Pankhani ya ma moles ndi ma warts, ngati dzanja la mkazi wakufa kapena wamwamuna litayikidwa chilema mpaka dzanja litatentha, ndiye kuti zida zoyipa zili m'manja mwa mwamunayo kapena mkaziyo zitha kusangalatsidwa pachizindikirocho ndi kuukira mpaka idasowa. Koma kuti achite izi kunali koyenera kuti iye amene anaika dzanja laimfa pamalopo, akhale ndi cholinga choti apange mgwirizano pakati pa kuwonongeka ndi wart kapena mole kuti ukhudzidwe. Kutentha kwa dzanja kunaphimba matupi a nyenyezi, imodzi yodzala ndi mphamvu inayo inayo yomwe imapangitsa kuti ziwonongeke. Pomwe chimfine kapena matenda amatengedwa ndi nyama, chomera kapena mtsinje, kulumikizana kudapangika ndi wodwalayo kudzera mu madzi ena, monga magazi kapena malovu kapena mkodzo, wotengedwa kuchokera kwa munthu ndikuupereka ku chomwe chidali kuti uchotse. Komwe madzi amadzi anali pa nsalu kapena pepala lomwe limayikidwa pakati pazinthu zina zamtolo ndipo komwe kunatengedwa ndi yemwe chidwi chake chimamutsogolera, adadwala. Mwambowu, womwe nthawi zambiri unkakhala wokometsa, womwe ungakhale ukugwirizana ndi kukonzekera mtolo sunali chifukwa choyenera, koma udawonetsa chidwi ndi lingalirolo. Phokoso lomwe amisili achi India amapanga kuti achiritse matenda mwakuthamangitsa mzimu womwe umayambitsa kuti ligwiritse ntchito thupi lachiwonetsero lomwe lakhudzidwa ndikuwachotsa mu mphamvu yomwe imayambitsa odwala, kapena mawu omwe opangidwa ndimankhwala kuphwanya mawonekedwe oyambayo, ndipo ochiritsawa abwezeretsanso thupilo kuti lichitike monga momwe zimakhalira.

Izi nthawi zambiri zimakwaniritsa ndipo zimakwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna. Kuyesera kuchiritsa mwachisoni, lero sangapereke zotsatira zomwezo chifukwa omwe akufuna kubereka sakudziwa momwe angagwirire ntchito moyenera. Zotsatira zomwezo zitha kukhalanso ndi njira zina. Chifukwa chake mabala amatha kuchiritsidwa mwanjira iliyonse. Komabe, mwanjira iliyonse machiritso kapena kuvulazidwa kumachitika, chinthu chimodzi ndichotsimikizika, ndicho, kuti gulu lomweli la zofunikira liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kubweretsa zotsatira zina.

Mfundo yakuchiritsa mwachisoni tingaifanizire bwino ndikalumikizidwa kapena kuphukira kwa nthambi pamitengo yazipatso. Sali nthambi iliyonse yomwe ingalumikizidwe pamtundu uliwonse wamtengowo. Payenera kukhala achifundo kuti mupange kulumikizana. Mwachitsanzo, pichesi imatha kuyikidwa pamtengo wa maula, kapena apurikoti pa mtengo wamapichesi, kapena mtundu wina wa pichesi ina, koma osati apulo pichesi kapena peyala pa apurikoti, koma mapeyala akhoza kuyambitsidwa quinces. Zomwe zimamangidwa zokhala ndi phula laling'ono la pichesi, zimatenga zinthu zina zaulere, kapena zamatsenga, zomwe zimatsata mu mtengo wa maula, kotero kuti mphamvu yonse ya thupilo imathamangira munthambi yokhazikitsidwa ndi phula. moyo umatsogozedwa m'mapichesi.

Ngati beseni lamadzi osungunuka likalumikizidwa ndi mtsinje wa madzi oyenda, ndiye kuti mitsinje yamadzi oyimitsayo imatsukidwa ndikuchotsa madziwo kukhala madzi otumphuka. Zomangira zamagalasi ndizomwe zimapanga kapena njira yomwe mafayilo amakokedwa ndi kuchitapo kanthu pazinthu zomangidwa zomwe zikukhudzidwa.

Kuchiritsa ndichisoni ndi sayansi yomwe ngakhale ku Middle Ages sikunachoke konse pamasiku azikhulupiriro komanso makanda. Pokhala ndi chidziwitso chabwinoko cha mfundo zachidwi ndi zachikale zomwe kuyesera kuchiritsa kumangogwira gawo lokha, zamatsenga ndi malamulo ofunikira m'chilengedwe chidzadziwika ndipo ndi njira yopangira miyala, zitsamba, mbewu, zitsulo, madzi, ndi zinthu zina mumatsenga ndikuziyika kuti zikhudze zinthu, kusintha matupi a anthu, komanso kuchiritsa matenda.

(Zipitilizidwa)